April Along the Hudson River

Information courtesy of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC)

Spring is announced by blooming flower beds, songbirds singing, and light green leaves emerging on trees along the river and elsewhere. The sugar maple sap run has dried up as the growth cycle starts anew. Yellow forsythia and pinkish-white magnolia are in resplendent beauty; their blooming is a pretty reliable bioindicator of the arrival of shad and herring spawning runs in the Hudson. The name of another early bloomer, shadbush, attests to the connection of its flowering with the shad runs.

The river herring of April is the alewife, arriving early in the month and ascending tidal tributaries to spawn. Striped bass are also moving upriver, though in a more leisurely fashion, as their spawning season is not until May. By April’s end, trophy stripers will be reported from the Tappan Zee to Troy. Seekers of striped bass use fresh-caught, live alewives and blueback herring.

Hudson River tributaries will also be active as suckers, smallmouth bass, white perch, yellow perch, minnows and catfish all stream into them by the millions to spawn.

Find out more about the Hudson in April here…
Learn about the Hudson estuary here

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March Along the Hudson

Courtesy of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation

Signs of spring appear in March, such as early flowers - snowdrops, crocuses, and daffodils. Day length increases by a minute or so a day. The vernal equinox marks the day of balance, when day and night are the same length. Tree buds swell as they gather nutrients from flowing sap, and in the case of sugar maples, sap runs may continue all month.

Meanwhile, the Hudson is flowing with increased energy as well. Runoff from rain and melting snow will push the salt front downriver, usually from about River Mile 45 between Peekskill and the Bear Mountain Bridge down to River Mile 30, the Tappan Zee Bridge, by mid-April. However, Hudson Valley weather is defiant of smooth transitions, so do not pack away your snow gear just yet.

Winter’s bald eagles, most visitors from Canada, are leaving; by month’s end eagle numbers will have dropped about 75%, as only resident birds will remain. Our breeding pairs will be nesting by month’s end. In 2004, there were 10 eagle pairs nesting on the tidal Hudson, however non-breeding adults and juveniles from recent years bring the “resident eagle” total up to around 50 birds.

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February Along the Hudson

Courtesy of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation

Winter still has a firm hold on the Hudson Valley this month, but there can be surprises. A warm mild spell might bring some black bears out of their dens early, searching for food. (Those of you with backyard bird feeders, beware!) Harbor seals are reported in the estuary during the winter. Present all year round, they are never plentiful, but easiest to see when their dark bodies contrast sharply against an ice flow.

Young harp seals have also been showing up in recent years. Often people suspect these seals of being injured or even dead - strangely enough, that stiff “banana” posture is how seals often rest. However, if something appears wrong, you can report it to the Riverhead Foundation’s 24 hour Hotline at (631) 369-9829.

Mid-month, eagles start performing aerial courtship displays. Their breeding season begins, appropriately, around Valentine’s Day. These graceful “aerial ballets” can include mid-air talon grabs and wing touches, dramatic free falls and loops, and perfectly symmetrical shadow flights. Some will also be spotted carrying branches to refurbish nests, but most of these pairs will return to more northern nesting grounds in a month or so.

This is the traditional maple syrup production month, with the ideal being warm days in the 40s with nights below freezing, which allows the sugar maple sap to flow and stop on a daily cycle. Check events calendars for maple syrup-related events and celebrations.

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January Along the Hudson River

Courtesy of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation

Over years of data collection for the Hudson River Almanac, January stands out as a month of dynamic variation in weather. Temperatures can range from the low 60s to far below zero, arctic blasts can take the wind chill readings down to -40 F. However, a sudden thaw can cause near-flood conditions, as snowmelt runs off the frozen ground and rapidly downstream. The tidal Hudson easily absorbs these floods, but upstream tributaries may jump their banks.

An extensive cold spell can freeze tributaries, locking fresh water up in the form of snow and ice. Hence, despite knee-deep drifts of frozen H2O, the river, which at this point looks more like a glacier valley than a living, flowing artery, may display drought-like conditions. The leading edge of ocean salt water may be as far upriver as it is in dry summer months.

By early January, ice usually comes in to stay on Hudson River tributaries, marshes, and upland ponds. Ice cover on the mainstem varies from year to year. A mild winter may see open water to Albany; a cold one might find ferryboats cutting through ice off Manhattan. In most years, ice is common south to the Hudson Highlands.

Eventually, tidal currents break solid ice into large floes which slowly move downstream. These floes provide a free, comfortable ride for eagles and seals. Both creatures are found year-round on the river, but they are easiest to spot when their dark bodies contrast against the ice.

The ice itself can be interesting to watch and hear, constantly groaning, creaking, twisting, cracking, and even shrieking against the endless push of the water. It scours the river’s edges, crushing and scouring the inshore shallows and everything found there. If you time your visit to the river as the tide turns, you may experience the curious sight of inshore ice flowing in one direction while the mid-river ice flows in the other!

While most recreational boats are dry-docked, some vessels still pass over, or through, the ice. The US Coast Guard stations ice-breakers on the Hudson to keep a channel open for barge and ship traffic to the Port of Albany. Meanwhile, ice-boating enthusiasts seek out expanses of unbroken ice to ride with the wind. While this sport was most popular in the late 1800s, members of The Hudson River Ice Yacht Club proudly sail historically authentic gaff-rigged, stern-steered speedsters every year.

Learn more here…
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EPA’s “New” Clean Water Strategy Still Doesn’t Go Far Enough

Clean water, like clean air, should be an inalienable right for all human beings. And yes, it should be free.

Come on, let’s bite the bullet now and decide that we don’t want our children and our children’s children killing each other over clean water. Hell, they still might have to regardless of what we do given the amount of residual toxic material out there, PCBs included.

Set the level of pollutants allowed into any water source, anywhere, at ZERO and let the world of commerce figure it out. And they will. You know it and I know it. Profits may only be 76 million per quarter and not 123 million but we will perhaps, as a species, finally be heading towards the correct fork in the road.

The technology is not an impossible hurdle. Companies – and the individuals behind them – would just have to stop seeing the Earth as a wide open sewer and dumping ground. Set a policy of zero tolerance as well – a company’s board of directors gets canned the first time a guy or gal on night shift pulls the ‘secret lever’ to release a plume into the river under the radar. Reward whistleblowers instead of allowing them to be fired. Etc, etc.

Half-assed, half-baked and half-hearted attempts at preserving our planet while keeping the major focus on ensuring the corporate world’s profits are constantly on the increase is not the way forward. Short-sighted does not begin to describe it. Allow our democratic system of governance the opportunity to finally overshadow the capitalist economic system that has sadly led / driven / facilitated our journey to the brink of something profoundly bad. And, of course, hope that it is not already too late. - Hudson

The following text is from “Coming Together For Clean Water” courtesy of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Although tremendous strides have been made in the supply of safe water in the last 40 years, new challenges are also arising. Nutrients, sediments, and novel synthetic pollutants, such as endocrine disruptors and nano pollutants, are posing new challenges for the scientific and management community alike. Human health measures for contaminants are exceeded in one fifth of stream samples, and one third of groundwater wells collected by USGS watershed studies. Human health benchmarks for pesticides and nitrogen are exceeded in 7 percent of urban stream samples. Mercury and PCBs were detected in all fish tissue samples and nearly 50 percent of the nation’s lakes have mercury fish tissue concentrations above EPA recommended limits. PCBs exceeded EPA recommended limits in 71 percent of lakes.

The amount of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution entering our waters has escalated dramatically. Nutrient pollution is now one of the costliest and most challenging environmental problems we face. The degradation of groundwater and surface water, including drinking water supplies, due to excess levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in our nation’s water has been studied and documented extensively.4 Streams and lakes with high levels of nitrogen or phosphorus are more than twice as likely to have degraded biology.5 Following current U.S. population growth estimates, nutrient pollution—from urban storm-water runoff from existing and new development, municipal wastewater discharges, air deposition, agricultural livestock activities and row-crop run-off—is expected to grow as well.

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Aqueduct Leaks Plague Town

By MICHAEL HILL of Associated Press

WAWARSING, N.Y. (AP) - The same tunnel that delivers water to millions of faucets in New York City is blamed for leaving homes in this upstate town in soggy misery.

Residents say the leaky aqueduct running below their neighborhood creates flooding in their basements during even routine rain storms. They are plagued with heaving floors, moldy walls and sinkholes in their lawns.

“There’s just nowhere for the water to go on the property. It’s like a big wet sponge,” said Mike Rosselli, who raised his family in this semi-rural neighborhood 80 miles north of New York City. “We’re used to saying, ‘Oh, nice spring rain!’ Now it’s ‘Oh crap.’ … It’s a terrible way to live.”

After years of complaints and lobbying by residents, the government is preparing to spend more than $7 million to purchase homes from willing sellers in Wawarsing. But even as 67 homeowners have applied for the buyout, some residents fear the offers won’t be large enough to cover the cost of their homes and their out-of-pocket losses.

“I’m glad to see them finally stepping up and doing something, but for me it’s a little late,” said 65-year-old Andrea Smith as she walked around her trailer to point out a sinkhole on her lawn. She and her husband applied for a buyout as a way of telling government officials they have a problem, but she says they won’t sell.

Complaints of flooded basements and squishy lawns have come from residents of this town at least since the 1990s. Residents blamed New York City’s Delaware Aqueduct, which runs more than 650 feet underground here as it delivers water from the nearby Rondout Reservoir.

The tunnel is an 85-mile-long engineering marvel that runs under the Hudson River, serving 8 million people in New York City and a million more elsewhere. In service since World War II, it handles about half the water for the city, more than 500 million gallons a day from four upstate reservoirs.
And it’s old.

The tunnel has almost 500 feet of cracks along a stretch through Wawarsing and another 5,000 feet of cracks close to where it crosses under the river at Roseton, the city’s Department of Environmental Protection says. The aqueduct loses 10 million to 30 million gallons a day. The city plans to spend $1.2 billion to fix the tunnel by 2021.

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Wells and Tunnels In Use At General Electric’s Toxic Hudson Falls PCB Site

Courtesy of The Wall Street Journal

ALBANY, N.Y. - General Electric Co. told state regulators that a novel series of wells and tunnels designed to keep PCB-contaminated groundwater from seeping into the upper Hudson River appears to be effective and should continue operation.

The tunnel system, which became fully operational at GE’s Hudson Falls site in May 2009, is separate but related to the more ambitious federal Superfund dredging project now being performed on the upper Hudson. Both of the GE-funded projects are designed to rid the river of polychlorinated biphenyls, which are suspected carcinogens.

The site 45 miles north of Albany includes more than 200 wells to pump up ground water and 10-foot diameter tunnels arrayed in a giant “X” about 80 feet beneath the river.

The report from a consultant for GE submitted to state environmental officials recently found evidence that in the first 18 months of the tunnel system’s operation, “the goals for the site groundwater remedy are being achieved.” GE spokesman Mark Behan said Tuesday that the company is proposing to the Department of Environmental Conservation that the well-and-tunnel system be continued with some minor modifications.

DEC spokeswoman Emily DeSantis said the next steps will be to finalize long-term operation, monitoring and maintenance programs for the site and to complete the remaining work on the tunnels and drains.

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Is Queensbury’s Drinking Water Tainted With NiMo PCBs?
Other local PCB hotspots
Heart disease link to General Electric PCBs?

General Electric’s Credibility Problem
PCBs and You - The Science Behind the Rhetoric

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Hudson River Dredging Project Continues

By PAUL POST of The Saratogian

FORT EDWARD - Hudson River PCB dredging crews have overcome early-season delays caused by flooding and are on target to meet this year’s goal, officials said Friday.

By late August, workers had only removed 151,000 cubic yards of PCB-laden sediment, less than half the 350,000 cubic yards they hoped to remove in 2011. But another 150,000 cubic yards has been dredged during the past two months and work is expected to continue for two more weeks.

“Despite early challenges, the project has been remarkably smooth and successful,” said Larisa Romanowski, a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency spokeswoman.

The EPA has ordered General Electric Co. to clean up 40 miles of river bottom from Fort Edward to Troy. The company discharged PCBs into the Hudson from the 1940s to 1977. The roughly $1 billion project could take another five to seven years to complete.

Phase One of dredging took place in 2009, primarily in the Fort Edward Yacht Basin and around Rogers Island between Moreau and the village of Fort Edward. After taking last year off to analyze results, Phase Two began June 6 this year, after being delayed several weeks by flooding and high water flows resulting from heavy rains and spring runoff.

Workers lost one day in late August because of Hurricane Irene. “The hurricane really didn’t impact us the way the flooding and high flows did,” Romanowski said.

Read more here…
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Is Queensbury’s Drinking Water Tainted With NiMo PCBs?
Other local PCB hotspots
Heart disease link to General Electric PCBs?

General Electric’s Credibility Problem
PCBs and You - The Science Behind the Rhetoric

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Mirant Lovett Power Plant Site Contaminated With Toxic Waste

By AKIKO MATSUDA of The Journal News

TOMKINS COVE - Contamination has been found beneath a coal ash pile at the former Lovett power plant along the Hudson River.

The state Department of Conservation reported the findings in a letter sent to Mirant, currently known as GenOn, which owns the property where the generating station was located. But the state agency also said residents do not need to worry (Well, we’ve heard that one before, now haven’t we? - Hudson).

The findings were based on a May 15, 2010, report prepared by HDR, an engineering firm, on behalf of Mirant Lovett LLC.

Back in 2009, Stony Point town officials had requested that Mirant test the site and for the state agency to review the results, saying that they had to know the condition beneath the coal pile at the Lovett site after Mirant removed the coal that was stored there.

The DEC letter dated Oct. 5 stated that a plume of groundwater contaminated with chemical elements such as sulfate, boron, selenium and arsenic was seen south of the former coal storage pile area toward the Tilcon quarry. Soil contamination with toxic materials as well as petroleum-related contamination with groundwater also was found under the Tilcon mine dewatering system, the letter said.

Stephen Cole-Hatchard, who is running for Town Board, has criticized Stony Point Supervisor William Sherwood, saying that he didn’t share the letter with other Town Board members at the Oct. 11 Town Board meeting.

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Schuylerville Beach Contaminated With General Electric PCBs

By THOMAS DIMOPOULOS of The Post-Star

SCHUYLERVILLE - Charlie Sherman envisions a beach filled with children playing in the sand, the way it used to be. “It was beautiful,” said the village trustee, standing along the river’s edge at historic Fort Hardy Park, where British soldiers laid down their arms in surrender in 1777 during the American Revolution.

Today, the park houses a half-dozen baseball diamonds and a youth center, a village visitor center and long, grass fields where games of soccer and flag football are played. A variety of groups have come together recently to promote tourism in the historic area along the Hudson River. The village had designs to bring back its beach, but those plans are being scrapped, at least for the next several years, due to PCBs that have accumulated around Fort Hardy Park near the bandstand area.

An estimated 1.3 million pounds of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were discharged by upstream General Electric Co. plants between 1947 and 1977, before the chemical was found to be hazardous in 1979. A dredging project began in 2009 to remove the potentially cancer-causing chemicals, and that effort is scheduled to reach the Schuylerville area in 2013, said GE spokesman Mark Behan

For the time being, the Environmental Protection Agency has recommended a temporary remedial approach to the former beach area by laying a 6-inch layer of soil and vegetation over a 10,000-square-foot area adjacent to the river. Beach sand would not provide adequate cover, according to the EPA. “Sand is not a good idea. It’s not a way we can get separation between contaminants and people,” said Gary Klawinski, of the EPA, who approached the Village Board in September with the remediation plan.

After much debate, and a year after first being approached with the temporary solution, the Village Board approved a motion Sept. 14 to have the mayor sign a consent form authorizing the temporary work to be conducted. “General Electric took our beach away, and we want it back,” said Jim Miers, the only village trustee who voted against the measure. “The beach closed 25 years ago, and here we are in 2011, still waiting.”

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Queensbury Drinking Water Tainted With NiMo PCBs?
Other local PCB hotspots
Heart disease link to General Electric PCBs?

General Electric’s Credibility Problem
PCBs and You - The Science Behind the Rhetoric

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